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HIV testing uses saliva and can be done three months after the risk behavior. Aids: oral test guarantees more than 99% of correct results

HIV testing uses saliva and can be done three months after the risk behavior. Aids: oral test guarantees more than 99% of correct results

Since the discovery of the HIV virus, several tests have been developed to diagnose this infection. We sought to develop such reliable tests with such low immunological window times that we reached the point where an examination could detect HIV infection fifteen days after the alleged infection with more than a 99% chance of the result being correct. Recalling that the immune window is the time between the infection and the laboratory test to be positive.

Despite all these advances in diagnosing the HIV virus, many people are unaware that they are HIV positive. There are an estimated 35.3 million people living with HIV worldwide and 2.3 million people become infected each year, resulting in more than 6,300 people being infected every 24 hours. More recent data from Brazil state that there are 718,000 people living with HIV in Brazil, and 20% of them (144,000 people) are unaware of the diagnosis of the infection. This is very worrying, because today the HIV virus has acquired characteristics of a chronic disease, such as high blood pressure and diabetes, but for this the infection must be diagnosed and treated properly and early, not allowing immunity to reach levels If the diagnosis is early and the patient seeks medical help, the course of the disease will be very different from those who do not know infection or do not want to be treated. The official data also show that in 2012 in Brazil there were 39,185 HIV-related deaths, and two deaths per day are directly related to HIV infection in the city of São Paulo.

Diagnosis news

Thinking about to facilitate the diagnosis of HIV infection, a rapid and easy-to-perform examination was produced, which is capable of making the diagnosis through saliva analysis. Until then, the major HIV diagnostic tests required the collection of blood samples. The saliva of people infected with the virus have antibodies of the IgG class (defense mechanisms against the virus) that leave the test positive. It is worth remembering that the HIV virus is not present in the saliva, therefore, the saliva has no ability to transmit the virus. That's why kissing or sharing glass and cutlery does not spread HIV among people. The test guarantees more than 99% correct results and the estimated immune window can be up to three months (time between possible infection and test to be positive). Thus, people who take a test in a short time and who come with a negative test should repeat the test after three months of a risk exposure to HIV.

For being fast, reliable and this test will be used by the Ministry of Health in many situations, such as in HIV testing campaigns. But the Ministry of Health itself has signaled that it will release the sale of this test in pharmacies throughout Brazil in the first half of 2014 at an estimated cost of R $ 8.00. There are criticisms about this action, but the goal is to facilitate the diagnosis of the infection. Anyone who takes this test must be prepared if the test is positive. In these cases, you should immediately seek a health service to perform medical care. From this, new tests will be requested to confirm or not to confirm the HIV infection (only a quick examination of saliva does not confirm the diagnosis of HIV infection). The important thing at the moment is not to despair and seek immediate medical help. Remember, prevention remains the best option, but if you suspect you are infected with the HIV virus, it is very important that you make the early diagnosis and follow the treatment appropriately.

Technical manual for the diagnosis of HIV infection - December 2013.

Aids by de Numbers - UNAIDS 2013

  • HIV / AIDS Epidemiological Bulletin - MS - December 2013

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