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Anuscopy: see the indications and how the test is performed

Anuscopy: see the indications and how the test is performed

Anuscopy is a simple procedure performed in the coloproctologist's own office, which aims to evaluate the anal canal (portion of the anus between the anal margin and the transition year the best way to examine hemorrhoids, anal fissures, papillae, condylomas and anal canal lesions.

The instrument used to perform the examination is the anuscope, a small rigid tubular device considered mandatory for examination and

There is also high resolution anuscopy, which aims to diagnose in situ carcinoma and intraepithelial lesions caused by anal HPV

When the anuscopy is requested?

The exam of anuscopy is usually requested by general practitioners, gastroenterologists, surgeons or other specialists and is performed by the coloproctologist.

  • This examination is designed to examine specimens the anal canal, which is "closed" by the constrictive action of the anal sphincter, so the need to introduce an anuscope. Common diseases to be examined and treated in the anal canal are:
  • Hemorrhoids
  • Fissures
  • Fistulas
  • Condylomas
  • Papillae
  • Sexually transmitted diseases (DST)
  • Prolapses of rectal mucosa

Crohn's disease

  • Tumors
  • The symptoms that may cause the doctor to order the test are:
  • Anal Bleeding
  • Pain
  • Secretion
  • Burning
  • Itching
  • Peripheral Perforation
  • Muco
  • Abnormalities at the digital examination

Skin abnormalities

  • Evacuatory disorders
  • The treatments associated with anuscopy are:
  • Hemorrhoid elastic ligation
  • Hemorrhoids sclerosis
  • Application of substances / cauterization of condyloma

Injection of botulinum toxin into the anal sphincter

All surgeries involving diseases of the anal canal

Contraindications of anuscopy

There are no absolute contraindications to the examination of anuscopy. However, an inspection of the perianal region and a rectal examination before the procedure is always performed and if this is painful, for example, due to the presence of an anal fissure, the anuscopy will normally be postponed. In addition, when there is anal stricture (narrowing), the examination often becomes impractical.

Prerequisites for taking the exam

Usually the anuscopy does not require any preparation except when there is a large amount of feces in the rectum, In these cases a rectal cleaning may be done before the examination. Fasting is only necessary if the procedure is performed under sedation (intravenous anesthesia).

How is it performed?

Usually the anuscopy is performed in the coloproctologist's office. The patient is positioned in the left lateral decubitus position (lie down on the side with the legs bent), with the lower part of the dress recessed at the level of the thighs in order to expose the buttocks and anal region. topical gel to reduce local pain and discomfort. Sedation is rarely needed, which may be helpful when there is pain and for some outpatient procedures. An anuscope, short tubular device approximately 2 cm in diameter is gently inserted into the anus to examine the anal canal.

Duration

The anuscopy is very brief, usually lasting less than one minute. Post-examination recommendations

The examination does not require further recommendations, except in specific situations where associated therapeutical procedures are required.

Periodicity

Anuscopy is not a periodic examination, such as colonoscopy, mammography, and the prostate exam, for example. Its periodicity will be established according to the disease being treated or accompanied.

Can pregnant women do?

Pregnant women can do anuscopy without sedation. Nothing is different from a patient who is not pregnant.

Possible Complications / Risks:

During the examination a slight discomfort may be felt in the perianal region. Pain itself may also occur in some circumstances, as if an anal fissure is present. Late complications are limited almost exclusively to exams where other diagnostic or therapeutic acts are associated, in which cases bleeding, fever or more severe pain may occur.

Result of the examination

The result should elucidate the patient's diagnosis. When normal, it is because the normal structures of the anal canal were seen, without complications. When diseases or abnormalities occur, they should be understood and described by the examiner.


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