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Undiagnosed cognitive problems can disrupt adult life?

Undiagnosed cognitive problems can disrupt adult life?

Cognition is the knowledge of oneself and the world and involves functions such as attention, perception, reasoning, memory, interpretation, thinking, and language. Their evaluation is important, since good cognition is known to be associated with a better overall performance in life.

Many conditions exist with cognitive impairment in different degrees of intensity, with early diagnosis and treatment being essential. Otherwise, the child's problem may evolve quietly and chronically under a decreasing spiral in life, with consequences such as low self-esteem and self-confidence, feelings of failure, impotence, apathy, demotivation and slowness, associated with low income, these patients, already adults, are perceived as emotionally impoverished.

Generally they are labeled as lazy, without determination and willpower, disinterested, slow and stupid. The situation is of concern, because these disorders have a high prevalence in life and they develop with symptoms in adults in more than 65% of cases and in most situations they are left undiagnosed.

Due to society's lack of knowledge about mental disorders, especially of childhood, many of them, despite having effective treatment, are not identified and will go through with worsening and chronicity of symptoms and with the presence of other psychiatric disorders, leaving the prognosis reserved and somber.

And without treatment, children with problems cognitive disorders will certainly become adults with these aggravated pictures, presented in a chronic way and with more emotional sequels. Among these disorders we have: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), learning disorders (dyslexia, dyscalculia, dysortography, difficulties in reading, calculating and writing, respectively), depression, bipolar mood disorder, psychoactive substance use, among others.

Adults with milder versions of these disorders

These children, if left untreated, will often be adults with many difficulties throughout life. Impairment of executive functions in adults with ADHD tends to exacerbate previous learning difficulties.

Still, many go through life without diagnosis or only when they enter college or face increased pressure in life. Non-diagnosis can occur due to some factors: the disorders are mild, more likely to go undetected; children with normal or high IQ and with strong school support and at home ...

The presence of puberty, phase of physical transformations, hormone outbursts and affections, with increased expectations and pressures of life, is also a factor that confuses the diagnosis. How far would a "rebellious and unruly youth" be just going through a turbulent and normal adolescence? Thus, we have to be well aware of the symptoms of normal development, since adolescence can confuse even the most experienced specialist.

Young adults are increasingly being charged. From him, it requires abstract reasoning, ability to elaborate answers, personal and financial independence ... When we attend an adult with difficulties in schooling and work, it is essential to do a screening for the disorders that affect his cognition and executive functions. Because of executive dysfunction, it is difficult to sustain attention and work memory, to inhibit distracting thoughts and behaviors, and to plan and manage problems. organize routine activities, be aware of the passage of time, regulate emotions and actions directed to goals that are not of immediate reward among others. They are also more immature than their peers.

In consultations, apart from clinical causes and other factors such as loss, trauma or violence, screening for disorders such as ADHD and dyslexia, which affect the adult's cognitive capacity, is fundamental. A thorough history of the person from his gestation, evaluation of the level of functioning in childhood, adolescence and adult life, presence of daily suffering, impairment in various environments, evaluation of the history of parental health, psychosocial adaptation and cognitive evaluation are fundamental points that will allow the diagnosis of the patient and its start date. Sometimes we need to call some family member to help with the information.

Often the adult comes to the office complaining about depression, or anxiety, alcohol / drug use, irritability, and insomnia. He and everyone around him never thought of ADHD, dyslexia, or early childhood problems. It is up to the skilled person to conduct the anamnesis in an appropriate manner. A strict protocol should be followed or the patient will be at risk of being treated only for the depression or for the symptom that led to the consultation. Therefore, it can often be so difficult to detect such frames because they require long consultations, where we have to know the history of patient and family illnesses, which in turn may also have the problem and find that the symptoms is not about a disorder but about the way of being of the family.

Success of late treatment

It all depends on the degree of disease intensity and the structure of the family system. It is clear that in general, any disorder diagnosed early will have a greater chance of better results and less probability of the presence of comorbidities. But treatment in adults in most cases is also highly effective. In these cases, it is more common for the patient to have recourse beyond the medication, to a multidisciplinary treatment due to psychological sequelae and possible comorbidities.


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