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Facial palsy can be treated with physical therapy
Peripheral facial palsy occurs when there is an interruption of inflow of any of the facial nerves, causing motor and sensory alterations in the individual. Between 62% and 93% of the cases the cause is idiopathic, that is, unknown, being called Bell's facial paralysis. The second most common cause is trauma, among others.
Soon after the medical diagnosis, the treatment must begin, which requires medical, speech-language and physiotherapeutic follow-up. Physiotherapy contributes to the motor and sensory recovery of these patients. Among the resources used are: kinesiotherapy, through neuromuscular training exercises of facial mime, ice thermotherapy (cryotherapy), massage, electrotherapy using laser, transcutaneous electrostimulation and guidelines. Biofeedback by surface electromyography may also be used. In Bell's facial palsy, worsening of the condition in the first 48 hours is common, but most patients recover within a few weeks. However, depending on the type of injury, facial nerve recovery can last from 15 days to four years.
Over 50% of people have complete or satisfactory recovery. However, in some cases there may be residual sequelae. The outcome depends on factors such as how long the patient took to start treatment, the presence of associated diseases such as hypertension and diabetes and the cause of paralysis. The improvement is less satisfactory in complete than in incomplete paralysis, in patients with retro-auricular pain and in elderly patients. Approximately 23% of people with idiopathic facial paralysis remain with some symptoms and signs, which can be classified as moderate or severe, such as partial motor improvement, crocodile tears, contracture or synkinesia.
Regardless of the type of paralysis, the physiotherapy will aim to reestablish function, with the return of facial mime and decrease of sensitivity alteration, avoiding the appearance of these sequels and returning the patient's physical and emotional well-being.
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