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Gases during pregnancy: learn how to control

Gases during pregnancy: learn how to control

The human usually has a small amount of gas in the intestine, but the pregnant women have a greater propensity to present symptoms like excessive flatulence and abdominal distension, especially by the increase of a hormone called progesterone.

Absolutely necessary for normal gestation, this increased concentration of progesterone leads to less contraction of the smooth muscles, responsible for the motility (movement) of the digestive tract. This reduces the emptying of the stomach, slows down the rate at which the gases are eliminated and allows a longer time for the production of gases in the intestine - a result of the fermentation of certain foods by the bacteria. As the pregnancy progresses, the uterine volumetric increase (because of the baby's growth) compresses the abdominal structures, which worsens the sensation of gas discomfort.

Gases can be swallowed or produced in the gut. Most of the swallowed air is belched before it reaches the stomach.

Foods that cause flatulence include:

  • Food rich in raffinose: beans, cabbage, broccoli, asparagus, kale fruity foods: onion, chives, artichokes, dried fruit, pear, grape, persimmon, watermelon, apples, honey and in the composition of certain types of sweeteners, including certain types of sweeteners. soft drinks and fruit juices
  • Food containing sorbitol, used as a sweetener in chewing gum and candies
  • Carbonated beverages
  • It is also important to note that some diseases can cause distension and flatulence, including lactose intolerance and malabsorption syndromes.

Treatment options

In the treatment, the diet adequacy is highlighted, reducing the food supply leading to gas production, mentioned above, with emphasis on the reduction of lactose intolerant diet. It is also interesting to keep a diary with ingested foods and symptoms to identify the foods most likely to lead to flatulence in that individual specifically.

Smaller, more frequent meals should be eaten, chewing gently, not to mention meals. People with excessive aerophagia (too much gas) and with anxiety problems, should understand the mechanism of the disease and, if indicated, initiate treatment for anxiety - not necessarily with medication.

Physical activity is essential for those who want to avoid gases, as it helps to accelerate intestinal transit and modulate bowel sensitivity to the gases present in it.

α-Galactosidase-containing preparations are available to be added to foods containing complex carbohydrates that are difficult to digest. Prebiotics and probiotics can be used to alter the intestinal microbiota. There are on the market preparations with lactase that can be added to foods with lactose and avoid the production of gas in people with intolerance to this sugar.

Finally, the symptoms should be reported to the doctor who accompanies the pregnant woman and this will evaluate with the patient the best course of action to take.


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