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Halitosis: Know the main types and their treatments

Halitosis: Know the main types and their treatments

Who has never checked their breath before talking to someone they considered important, do not know what the fear of halitosis is. After all, in addition to bad breath being an indication that there is a health problem, it also has social consequences, because it is embarrassing and prevents the person from socializing, disrupting their personal relationships and even work

Bad breath also brings social consequences, for being embarrassing and preventing the person from socializing

Worse, not everyone realizes that they have a bad breath picture. This is because the brain usually ignores the odors it has been exposed to for a long time. However, as soon as halitosis is noticed, it is important to get help right away as it can reveal a number of health problems.

There are several causes of bad breath, from the temporary ones like the ingestion of some foods, even illnesses. "It is believed that about 90% of cases of halitosis originate in the mouth or in nearby areas, such as the throat, ear, nose and paranasal sinuses," says dentist Monica Andrade Lotufo, a professor at the University of Guarulhos and a Ph.D.

Below are the main causes and the possibility of treatment for each of them.

Oral problems

Woman being attended by the dentist - Photo: Getty Images

There are several oral diseases that can cause halitosis . See some of them:

Gingivitis and periodontitis

Gingivitis and periodontitis are caused by the buildup of bacterial plaque and also of food between the teeth. "There is a production of substances with a bad smell due to the food imprisoned between the teeth, besides bleeding gums (gingivitis) or worsening of the periodontitis," explains the odontologist Monica. Basically, bacteria feed on food leftovers between the teeth, producing substances that cause halitosis, as well as impairing oral health - periodontitis can lead to even falling teeth. In these cases, good brushing and flossing are important ways to prevent the problem.

Not brushing the tongue can cause food to accumulate in it, bringing bacteria and halitosis

Saburra lingual

Know when to say Do you need to brush your tongue too? Failure to sanitize it properly can lead to the formation of lingual plaque, the accumulation of food waste that can lead to buildup of bacteria and rotten food which, again, causes halitosis. To do this, the tongue needs to be cleaned using the toothbrush, it is not necessary to resort to those tongue cleaners.

Maladaptive dentures

Poorly placed dental prostheses are a great place to accumulate food, since it is often difficult to access these regions with the brush. In this way, the food residue accumulates bacteria, which will also produce substances with a bad smell, causing halitosis, besides a possible gingivitis, stresses the dentist Ana Carolina Martinez, a dentist at Sorridents and the Sorridents Institute. Therefore, it is important to make dental prostheses with a reliable dentist and always return to the office at the periodicity recommended by him.

Person eating walnut with bark - Photo: Getty Images

Broken tooth

Broken teeth are also a dish full for the accumulation of food waste and bacteria. Again, he may be to blame for halitosis, in addition to causing possible tooth decay. "It is very important to treat and rebuild broken teeth to avoid these problems," says Ana Carolina.

Extensive caries

Caries is nothing more than bacteria invading your mouth. And the longer you avoid treating them and letting them reproduce there, the greater the damage and bad smell produced by them! "Normally these cavities already cause a softened tissue and the treatment is usually intense," says Renata Martins, technical manager of Odontoclinic (SP). In addition, when bacteria cause an opening in the tooth, there it becomes a place of food accumulation, which potentiates its activity.Channel problem

Channel problems, in addition to being an excellent home for foul-smelling bacteria, can also cause serious infections that can even reach the gums and bones. These infections are very dangerous and cause pus, plus a factor that increases halitosis. So when treating bad breath, you may end up with an even more serious problem!

Dry mouth

People who have a lower saliva flow usually have more halitosis. "Local or systemic patient conditions that cause reduction of salivary flow causes a negative effect on the self-cleaning action of saliva and lead to the production of those responsible for bad breath," explains Monica Lotufo. Several conditions can lead to this reduction of saliva, known as dry mouth, as the use of some medications or even problems in the salivary glands.

Systemic diseases

Person measuring blood glucose - Photo: Getty Images

Beyond problems some diseases can lead to halitosis. One is diabetes, a disease in which the body can not properly utilize glucose in the blood, increasing blood glucose levels. "Ketone breath (similar to the smell of an old apple) is characteristic in diabetics and periodontal disease is usually present in these pictures," explains Eliana Avelãs, a dentist. In addition, a number of other diseases may be related to halitosis: asthma, kidney problems, liver cirrhosis, metabolic diseases, intestinal obstructions, nasal infections, and some types of cancer. In such cases, if after the dentist evaluates the mouth, he finds no apparent reason for halitosis, he will indicate that his patient to the evaluation of a doctor, who can investigate these systemic problems.

In such cases, while the disease is treated, palliative treatments can be used. "The patient can resort to options such as mouthwash, mouth spray and sugarless chewing gum are fast methods, but it is important to remember that they do not have prolonged effect," says Renata Martins.

Medications

Remedies various types - Photo: Getty Images

Some medications can cause halitosis as well. "In general, they are dry mouth drugs, such as pressure drugs, tranquilizers, antidepressants and antiallergics," says Mônica Lotufo. Also, stomach or liver medicines may bring this effect as well. In these cases, not always changing the medication is possible or indicated. If after talking to the doctor this option is not feasible, it is possible to think about palliative treatments. "Some patients may resort to artificial saliva, which has the same properties as common saliva and prevents halitosis," says Ana Carolina.

Temporary Causes

Oral, systemic, or drug-related conditions often cause chronic halitosis, which requires treatment. However, there are day-to-day habits that can cause temporary halitosis, which can only go through with this change. Check out some of them:

Garlic and onion - Photo: Getty Images

Intake of some foods

Some foods contain properties that cause halitosis, but most are more than known. "Foods with a lot of garlic and onion or very spicy, after being absorbed by the bloodstream during digestion are transferred to the lungs, and the air exhaled is characterized by the odor of these specific substances," Monica says. , you have to let it pass. Brushing helps to reduce the smell, but since it comes from the lungs, it will not solve 100%. Luckily, this halitosis usually goes away after a few hours.

Prolonged fasting

Being long without food, usually more than three hours, can also increase halitosis. "This is because of over-production of stomach acid that is reflected in bad breath," says Renata Martins. In addition, in times of food restriction our body uses other energy sources that releases specific odors. In these cases, the solution is quick: just break the fast, which does not do any good to health!

Woman waking up with halitosis - Photo: Getty Images

On waking

Soon it is very normal to have halitosis as well. "As salivation is stimulated by speech and chewing, it usually subsides at night, so bacteria in the mouth can act even without food leftovers, which brings a stronger odor to the mouth," he explains. Ana Carolina Martinez. Sanitizing the mouth is the immediate solution. But if you stop brushing your teeth before bed, you still give food to those bacteria, which only increases the bad smell.

Imaginary halitosis

There are also people who think they have halitosis, but do not have ! This type of case is rare, but in most cases it may be psychological. "It is very common in people who have had halitosis, but they have tried and they have stopped, yet they are afraid that the problem will come back," explains Ana Carolina. However, do not confuse this picture, called imaginary halitosis, with the normal "neura" of having bad breath, since in this situation the person really believes he feels his own breath and needs psychological treatment to overcome the situation. Usually the problem is related to low self-esteem or even depressive states.

Desperate man with bad halitosis - Photo: Getty Images

In addition, some people may believe that they have halitosis due to problems with their sense of smell. "These patients can present the Olfactory Change Syndrome, they end up feeling a bad breath that does not really exist for other people," explains Mônica Lotufo. In these cases, it is worth seeking the evaluation of a neurologist and an otolaryngologist for a better evaluation of the case.

Take care of hygiene!

In most cases oral problems that cause halitosis can be prevented by proper hygiene of the teeth. The first step is to use flossing at least once a day, always before brushing. The best time to floss is at night, because it prevents food from accumulating between the teeth during sleep, when bacteria in the mouth act more actively.

Woman showing toothbrush - Photo: Getty Images

Then you have to brush your teeth carefully. "Do not use force and make sweeping and circular movements, remembering to clean all the faces of the tooth, after all they come in contact with the food in the mastication," teaches Ana Carolina Martinez. The specialist still advises to sanitize the tongue with the own toothbrush, using only water and making vertical movements from the inside out only. This prevents the formation of lingual saburra, a common cause of halitosis.


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