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HPV: Is there another form of prevention other than condoms?

HPV: Is there another form of prevention other than condoms?

There are more than 100 types of papillomavirus (HPV), which can infect the skin or mucosa, and each type of HPV has a preference for this or that tissue.

The form of transmission more frequent is vaginal and anal sex, although sex without penetration and oral sex, as well as penetration with fingers or objects are also HPV transmission routes.

For this reason, the use of condoms is not enough to prevent infection. In addition, the greater the number of sexual partners, the greater the risk of infection with this virus.

What to do to protect yourself?

Sex with condoms is certainly a great way to protect yourself against most sexually transmitted diseases - such as HIV, gonorrhea and syphilis - as well as an unwanted pregnancy. But in the case of HPV, vaccines also play an important role:

There are three commercially available vaccines to prevent HPV infection:

  • HPV quadrivalent vaccine 6, 11, 16 and 18, adopted by the National Program Immunizations
  • 9-valent vaccine against the same types above and 31, 33, 45, 52 and 58
  • Bivalent vaccine against HPV 16 and 18

When to use the vaccine

In Brazil, the recommendation of the vaccine is for girls between 9 and 13 years. It is indicated BEFORE the onset of the sexual life of girls and boys. The vaccine is intended, in protecting against HPV infection, in particular by types 16 and 18, more often associated with neoplasias of the female genital tract, anal and oral, also to diminish the occurrence of these types of cancer. makes HPV infection more durable and has a higher incidence of vulvar cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (NIC) in this group of people, girls and HIV-infected women aged 9 to 26 years should also receive the 3 doses of the quadrivalent vaccine against HPV.

Although the vaccine is released for use in boys, the vaccine is only available in the private network.

Who already has active sex life can be vaccinated? The vaccine is safe and has the most frequent adverse effect of pain at the site of injection. Although effectiveness is greatest if the vaccine is performed prior to contact with HPV (hence the indication of vaccination before the onset of sexual life), there is no contraindication to vaccinating after the onset of sexual life or even if the person has already been infected with the virus. The HPV vaccine, as well as the hepatitis B vaccine, which babies receive already in the maternity ward, prevents infection against sexually transmitted disease that can eventually facilitate the development of cancer in the vagina, anus, penis and mouth. Vaccinating our children is to protect them against a risk that may happen in the future. To me, it looks like a good inheritance to leave.

More information about HPV

Transmission

The transmission is by skin contact with HPV-like warts. However, cervical lesions, as well as genital warts or anal warts (condylomas) are transmitted by sexual, oral, genital or anal contact.

The passage through the birth canal can also infect the respiratory tract of infants, causing papillomatosis respiratory failure, a benign laryngeal tumor, which may cause hoarseness and in some cases, airway obstruction.

Complications of HPV

Some types of HPV, such as 16 and 18, are directly related to an increased risk of precancerous lesions or even carcinoma (cancers) of the vagina, vulva, cervix, penis, anal canal and mouth.


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