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Men need to overcome prejudice with prostate cancer screening

Men need to overcome prejudice with prostate cancer screening

Fear, prejudice, embarrassment and lack of knowledge about the performance of the prostate touch examination should not overcome the health care of the man. Most importantly remember that early detection of prostate cancer can mean the cure of the disease. Some patients may present PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen, prostate cancer screening test) within normal for prostate volume and their age, however, performing the rectal examination may detect changes in the gland such as nodule or suspected disease area by perceived hardening to palpation, leading to suspected prostate cancer. In this situation, the patient should perform a biopsy of the prostate, and may or may not confirm the diagnosis.

It is estimated that up to 20% of the diagnosed cases of prostate cancer present altered touch, without PSA alteration, and about 70 % of patients get cured with prostate cancer treatment when the disease is detected in its initial phase. For this reason, the examination, which lasts a few seconds and does not cause pain, is essential for the diagnosis of the disease.

It is also necessary to investigate previous diseases that have occurred throughout the life of the patient, such as: infectious diseases of the urinary tract, renal calculus, benign prostatic hyperplasia, or check for sports practices such as riding and cycling. This is because any perineal and prostatic disease or trauma that occurs on the prostate can cause an increase in PSA, even if transiently, creating a false suspicion of cancer. These patients should be treated for their underlying diseases or they should temporarily suspend sports activities for a new PSA to be performed, whether or not they suspect prostate cancer.

Other exams

In addition to PSA and touch, other tests may be indicated for prostate cancer screening such as urinalysis, urine culture and antibiogram, urinary tract ultrasound, and more sophisticated tests such as multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging. Some tests, still experimental, such as those linked to molecular biology, are being developed and, of course, should enter the diagnostic arsenal of prostate cancer. Obviously, the physician should indicate them according to the evidence gathered during the patient's anamnesis and physical examination.

Early detection of prostate cancer can lead to cure, while cases detected at an advanced stage may compromise treatment of the disease. Nowadays most patients are diagnosed by the PSA alteration, around 70% in the developed countries, to the point that the specialists have created a special clinical stage, called the T1c stage. At this stage, the diagnosis is made only by PSA alteration, even when the rectal touch of the gland is normal. In other words, when both tests are altered, there is an increased risk of the patient having prostate cancer.

The media has been playing a key role in clarifying the population about the importance of prostate cancer prevention. This change of attitude of the men, carrying out the preventive examinations, promoted the cure of many patients by the early treatment of the disease. When the patient is convinced of the benefits of the exams, of course, the disease can be diagnosed at a time when there is a good chance of cure.


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