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Meningitis: know the different types and treatments

Meningitis: know the different types and treatments

Like any organ in the human body, the nervous system can be a source of virus or bacterial infections. Usually, these infectious agents invade our brain by "entrance doors" like nose, eyes, ear and mouth and lodge in the meninges, a membrane that surrounds the brain. Hence the term meningitis.

Viral meningitis usually does not present the same risk as bacterial meningitis. The patient with virus meningitis actually has a viral infection like any other that our own body can fight against. What we do is alleviate the symptoms such as headache, nausea and vomiting.

Bacterial meningitis, in turn, confers much more risk than viral, since if untreated leads to sequelae such as deafness, cognitive impairment, paralyzes of cranial nerves or motor paralysis. It can also lead to death, because the bacteria end up in the blood and lead to what we call a systemic infection.

Fortunately, today we have very efficient antibiotics, just that the suspicion of meningitis is done as soon as possible , especially bacterial meningitis. In addition to antibiotics, when we treat the problem after it has happened, we also have the vaccines, which help the patient to to prevent bacterial meningitis.

Vaccines

There are vaccines for the three most common types of bacteria that cause meningitis:

Streptococcus pneumonia (10 serotypes), Neisseria meningitidis C) and Haemophilus influenzae (type B). These vaccines should be used for children younger than two years of age. Although vaccines may protect against most bacterial meningitis, serotypes of uncovered bacteria may exist. All these vaccines are based on "particles" of these bacteria that cause the body to create antibodies (defense) for a future infection. Therefore, it is important to be aware of the vaccination schedule, especially in children and people at greater risk, such as the elderly.

Furthermore, it is very important to rapidly diagnose suspected cases of meningitis and to isolate these people from the others to avoid contamination. If you suspect the condition, seek medical advice as soon as possible.


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