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Removing tonsils is not the first choice for treatment of inflammation

Removing tonsils is not the first choice for treatment of inflammation

Tonsillary surgery has had a dramatic decline in indications over the last few decades, but it is still very common. The progression of antibiotics, better and better, allowed the infections, which were the best indication for surgery, to be treated with medication. Surgery is usually indicated when the tonsils cause some injury to the patient (breathing, sleep, food, speech) or when the infections become frequent.

Hypertrophied palatine tonsils, especially if associated with increased adenoid, may lead to oral breathing, which is not ideal. When this happens in children, the face does not develop properly and the teeth grow poorly positioned because nasal breathing influences the growth of the face. Hypertrophied tonsils can also cause discomfort in sleep, leading to sleep apnea syndrome. In this syndrome, the person makes a great effort to breathe while sleeping, which is reflected in a poor sleep and, day-to-day, reduced concentration and memory. In some more severe cases, the hypertrophy of the tonsils may go so far as to cause a mechanical obstruction to the passage of food. A sign that the child may suffer from this problem is when he starts to prefer liquid and pasty foods and can not gain weight.

The main contraindications to surgery are anemia and coagulation disorders.

When infections in the tonsils surgery may also be the solution, depending on how often they occur and the harm they cause to the patient. In this sense, surgery can be indicated if the child loses several days of school a year due to tonsillitis. There is a situation called caseous tonsillitis, which usually affects adults, in which the tonsils accumulate the caseum,? White balls? formed by remnants of food, saliva, and cells. The caseum leads to bad breath, which, if it leads to major discomfort, can be solved with surgery. In some cases of more serious infection, such as a peritonsillar abscess, which is a collection of pus that develops from a tonsillitis, surgery is indicated even with few infectious episodes.

The main contraindications to surgery are anemia and changes of coagulation. Because there is a risk of bleeding during surgery, there may be worsening of the anemia. Already the coagulation changes can increase the chances of bleeding. Each case should be evaluated in an individualized manner, seeking the cause of the disorder and appropriate treatment. Once the change is corrected, surgery can be performed.

Another rare contraindication is submucosal fissure. In this situation, the palate ("sky-of-mouth") has a crack in the middle. The patient may have no symptoms and, when undergoing evaluation, does not always know the problem. The diagnosis is important because in the postoperative period the patient can present food through the nose through a palate dysfunction in moving and closing the communication between the oral and nasal cavities. This problem usually reverses after a few weeks, but may persist for longer and make feeding difficult.

There is no minimum age for surgery, what matters is a correct indication. However, if the child is very young, the adenoid, a structure behind the nose that is often removed along with the palatine tonsils, can grow back. If you have back discomfort to breathe and a stuffy nose, further surgery may be needed.

Many patients generalize sore throats attributing to problems in the tonsils. Certain diseases have very similar symptoms but require very different treatments. Tonsillitis usually has a short duration. Recurrent sore throat pictures may also be associated with gastroesophageal reflux. Only a consultation with a specialist can indicate the best treatment, considering the particularities of each person. During the evaluation, the specialist should provide guidance on the risks and benefits of each treatment, based on the guidelines established by the Brazilian Association of Otorhinolaryngology.


Obesity affects perception of taste of things, indicates research

Obesity affects perception of taste of things, indicates research

Obesity has been growing at an alarming rate all over the world. In Brazil, it is estimated that almost half of the population is overweight. Between 2006 and 2016, the number of Brazilians with the disease rose from 11.8% to 18.9%, according to a survey of Survival of Risk Factors and Protection for Chronic Diseases by Telephone Inquiry (Vigitel).

(Health)

Microcephaly: specialist suggests even smaller head diameter measurements

Microcephaly: specialist suggests even smaller head diameter measurements

A paper published in the English journal The Lancet suggests that the cutoff perimeter cutoff point for reporting suspected cases of microcephaly is high in Brazil. According to one of the authors of the study, researcher César Victora, of the Federal University of Pelotas, more than 200 thousand healthy children are born every year with the perimeter of the head smaller than 32 centimeters, a measure currently recommended by the Ministry of Health for both sexes.

(Health)