en.aazsante.fr

The Largest Portal Of Health And Quality Of Life.

Sigmoidoscopy: exam

Sigmoidoscopy: exam

A sigmoidoscopy is a test used to look at the lower part of the large intestine (colon). During the sigmoidoscopy examination, a thin, flexible tube (sigmoidoscope) is inserted through the rectum. A small video camera at the tip of the tube allows the doctor to see inside the rectum and the part of the colon corresponding to the sigmoid - the last 61 centimeters of the large intestine. If necessary, tissue samples (biopsies) may be during the examination. Sigmoidoscopy does not allow the doctor to see the entire colon. As a result, not all cancers or polyps in the colon can be detected with this test, and it is necessary to refer to a colonoscopy.

Other names

Endosymoidoscopy, digital sigmoidoscopy

Which doctor does the examination? Sigmoidoscopy can be ordered to:

Search for colorectal cancer or polyps

Look for the cause of blood in the stool or bleeding rectal

Analyzing the cause of dark or black stools

  • Finding the cause of chronic diarrhea
  • Finding a possible cause for iron deficiency anemia
  • Analyzing the cause of unexplained weight loss
  • Analyze the colon after abnormal results from a stool exam
  • Monitor or treat inflammatory bowel diseases, such as Chron's disease
  • Follow the onset of polyps or colorectal cancer in the end of the intestine
  • Look for the cause of pain belly c
  • Contraindications:
  • Sigmoidoscopy is contraindicated for patients with:
  • Acute diverticulitis

Acute diverticulitis

Megacolon toxic

  • Some conditions cause the sigmoidoscopy examination to be postponed:
  • Recent myocardial infarction
  • Recent pulmonary embolism

Significant neutropenia

  • Pregnancy
  • Aortic or iliac aneurysm
  • Splenomegaly
  • Preparation for sigmoidoscopy
  • Before the procedure your sigmoidoscopy exam, the doctor will ask you to:
  • Stop some medications for two to three days, especially fiber supplements and iron-containing medicines

The use of continuous medications such as anti-inflammatories, anticoagulants, and insulin should be discussed with your doctor

Talk to your doctor about any questions you may have about the sigmoidoscopy exam.

  • In the days before sigmoidoscopy, you will need to take some care to cleanse your colon. You will stop eating solid foods a day or two before sigmoidoscopy and do not ingest anything red or purple like grape juice. The consumption of alcoholic beverages is prohibited on the day of the examination and the day before due to sedatives, as their effects may intensify. Your doctor will prescribe a laxative medicine, which should be given as directed. This is because the large intestine, where the stool is deposited, should be cleaned so that the doctor can do the analysis of the organ. In the days prior to the examination you will go to the bathroom several times because of the laxative medication. You will go to the bathroom until the evacuation is just clear water. This is an indication that the colon is clean, ready to take the test because only then can you see the mucosa and find lesions.
  • It is important to drink plenty of fluids while you can so you do not get dehydrated. Rest the night before sigmoidoscopy and stop eating and drinking anything at least eight hours before the test. It may also be that you take another solution on the day of sigmoidoscopy, so that within 3 hours you can evacuate everything in the intestine.
  • To perform sigmoidoscopy, it is important that you are accompanied, as the examination is done with a sedation and its effects can last for hours, stopping you from practicing activities like driving or working.How sigmoidoscopy is performed

Sigmoidoscopy should be done in a doctor's office, clinic or hospital. You will need to take out most of your clothes and you will be given your own dress for the exam. After the bowel is fully cleansed, sedation is applied and you will lie on your side, with your knees bent and leaning against your belly.

When sedation takes effect and you sleep completely, your doctor will gently insert your finger into your anus to check for obstruction. If all is well, it will insert a tube into your anus, called a sigmoidoscope. The sigmoidoscope is a flexible rod of the thickness of one centimeter - about one index finger. It has a camera on its end which captures the image and transmits it to a television monitor as well as a light source to illuminate everything. The doctor will insert the sigmoidoscope to the end of the sigmoid.

The doctor may also use small tools, such as forceps or swabs, to collect tissue samples (biopsy) or remove polyps during sigmoidoscopy. Usually people do not feel anything. At the end of the sigmoidoscopy, the tube is slowly pulled out of your anus and your anal area will be cleared.

Examination duration

Sigmoidoscopy usually lasts for 30 to 45 minutes, but may take longer depending on what is found and is done during the test. After sigmoidoscopy, you will be under observation for an hour or two. When you are awake and able to walk, you can go home.

Therapeutic uses of sigmoidoscopy

Sigmoidoscopy can also be used as a therapeutic procedure as it does not require incisions. Sigmoidoscopy can be used to:

Removal of polyps (polypectomies): with the aid of a loop at the tip of the sigmoidoscope, the doctor lays the base of the polyp and emits a small electrical current through the loop, all the way around the polyp

Prosthesis placement

Removal of foreign bodies (coins swallowed by children, for example)

Treatment of bleeding lesions

  • Possible side effects
  • If sedation is not general, you may feel cramps or acute pain, resulting from the movement of the tube during sigmoidoscopy. You may also feel like having a bowel movement.
  • After sigmoidoscopy, you may experience some swelling and cramps in the first few hours after the examination. You will have gas and you will feel like evacuating frequently. If a biopsy was done or a polyp removed, you may have traces of blood in the stool. After the most frequent bowel movement, you may go several days without a bowel movement.
  • Post-examination recommendations

If polyps have been removed, your doctor may advise you not to take aspirin and anti-inflammatories for one two weeks. When you get home on the day of the exam, you can start feeding yourself liquids at will and a small snack. It is important to drink plenty of fluids to avoid dehydration. In the first six hours a lighter diet should be made with easily digestible foods. After this period, if you are feeling well, you can go on a normal diet.

Possible complications of sigmoidoscopy

The chance of any problem at a sigmoidoscopy is very small. However, it may be that the tools used during the examination pierce the sigmoid lining, causing bleeding. In general, the doctor notices this bleeding during the examination itself, closing the wound in the same procedure. The scope or a small tool may tear the lining of the colon or cause bleeding.

Late perforation may also occur, usually due to a polyp resection, which can lead to deeper necrosis, causing bleeding. In this case the patient is referred to the doctor to treat the wound properly. Call your doctor if you:

You have a persistent bleeding in the stool

You have a severe bellyache

Develop a fever

Get very dizzy

  • Vomit
  • Stay belly swollen and firm
  • Frequency of examination
  • People with colorectal cancer or polyps in the final bowel area may have sigmoidoscopy used for treatment or follow-up of the disease. However, colonoscopy is the most appropriate examination for the diagnosis and treatment of colon diseases, since it examines the entire large intestine, not just its final contents. Thus, screening for colorectal cancer screening is colonoscopy, with sigmoidoscopy being reserved for specific cases as determined by the physician.
  • What is the result of the test?
  • Because it is a procedure in which the result is shown live, the doctor will be able to tell the results immediately after the procedure. Any change in the color or texture of the intestinal mucosa, or even bleeding, indicates a problem. The tissue samples taken at the sigmoidoscopy are sent to a laboratory where they will be evaluated. Other test results are prepared in two to four days, or weeks, depending on the evaluation.

Normal results:

The colon lining appears smooth and pink with a lot of normal folds. Sigmoidoscopy may indicate hemorrhoids, polyps, tumors, one or more wounds (ulcers), pockets on the wall of the colon (diverticulosis), inflammation (inflammation) , colitis and colorectal cancer.

Pregnant women can do?

In general, pregnant women are not indicated to do sigmoidoscopy. Firstly, because the sedation used in the examination can not be given in the first trimester of pregnancy, that when the baby's neural tube is formed, and after that because too much evacuation can cause dehydration and vitamin deficiencies, besides being a procedure that can cause discomforts.


Renata Banhara on the disease:

Renata Banhara on the disease: "I can not take it any more"

In April 2017, Renata Banhara was diagnosed with a serious brain infection caused by a bacterium that was lodged in the tooth and migrated to the brain. Since then, the model has been struggling to overcome these health problems. On Sunday (17), she shared two moving videos on the Instagram showing that she was in the hospital and that her battle was not over.

(Health)

Influenza vaccine (Including H1N1)

Influenza vaccine (Including H1N1)

Vaccines are trivalent, that is, they immunize against three different types of virus. The composition of the vaccine is recommended annually by WHO, based on information received from around the world on the prevalence of circulating strains. That way, every year the flu vaccine changes, to protect against the most common types of flu viruses at that time.

(Health)