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Smoking causes premature aging of the skin

Smoking causes premature aging of the skin

Every year, about five million people die from tobacco-related diseases worldwide - 200,000 of them in Brazil. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), smoking is the second largest cause of deaths of active smokers and the third of passive smokers.

August 29 is the National Day to Combat Tobacco, we have long known the implications that smoking can cause in the health of the human being. There is scientific evidence that smoking-related elements that enter the body, such as tar and nicotine, among others, are linked to several diseases (more than 50, according to WHO). Smoking also has implications for patients undergoing plastic surgeries.

Smoking is associated with premature aging, with loss of turgor (swelling), brightness and elasticity of the skin. In general, there is an early appearance of wrinkles, and this leaves the skin looking brownish or yellowish. Another characteristic that smokers usually expose on the face are the popular spots.

Smoke is related to aging

There are some studies done with twins, in which only one has the habit of smoking, which demonstrate that the smoker may appear up to eight years older than his brother. Some American studies point out that every ten years of cigarette use correspond to two and a half years of aging. Then, after 30 years of smoking, the patient may appear around eight years older when compared to people who did not smoke.

The mechanism that leads to early aging is associated with peripheral vasoconstriction, ie, decreased flow in the skin. This means less supply of nutrients and oxygen, which is a premature aging with a decrease in the production of collagen. As if that were not enough, there is an increase in the consumption of collagen and elastin, elements that provide shine, tone and elasticity to the skin.

Smoking also leads to wrinkles around the mouth. First, by the consumption of structural elements of the skin and, second, by the contraction of muscles around the lips, leading to the appearance of furrows and the diminution of the lips. As the muscles of the face are interconnected along with the appearance of wrinkles all over the face, the appearance of malar bags is very common.

Surgery in smokers requires care

"If between two twins, one smokes for thirty years , he will appear at least eight years older than his brother. "

A major concern in plastic surgery is healing. Smoking leads to increased production of free radicals, triggering an oxidation reaction - which is one of the theories of aging.

In addition to the production of free radicals, each cigarette leads to a period of vasoconstriction or decreased blood, oxygen and nutrients in the skin region for 45 minutes. With this, depending on the amount of cigarettes that the patient will consume, we can have a very long period without essential nutrients in the post-surgical cicatrization process.

In cases where surgeries with large detachments are performed, there is a tendency a greater risk of compromising the healing process. This may lead to the appearance of tissue necrosis, seizures of the seamed parts and liquid collections, among other complications.

In plastic surgeries performed with people who smoke, it is necessary to adapt less aggressive techniques, with tissue detachments to protect patients from possible complications.

It is also interesting to indicate the use of antioxidants - the best known being vitamin C - previously. At high doses, antioxidants can act as a positive cofactor in healing, decreasing the negative effects of nicotine, since it is considered a negative cofactor for healing.It is still important to emphasize that in some situations, surgery should be contraindicated until the patient stops smoking. This is the case, for example, of surgeries where it is necessary to use microsurgeries, or transfers of "flaps", when reconstructions of certain areas are made. The risks of failure are very great if the patient does not completely stop smoking.

In terms of plastic surgery, the smoking habit associated with unprotected sun exposure is an external factor that aggravates, and much, the

Whenever you think about performing a plastic surgery procedure, the interested party should consult a specialist member of the Brazilian Society of Plastic Surgery (SBCP). As a doctor, he will even be able to give the right advice for a smoker.


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