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Sun protection: what you need to know to enjoy the sun with health

Sun protection: what you need to know to enjoy the sun with health

A simple product, found in most pharmacies and supermarkets, is the number one ally in the mission to protect the skin from ultraviolet rays (UVA and UVB): sunscreen

"It increases the resistance of the skin against the sun," says dermatologist Vanessa Metz. "Sunscreen is essential in the short term to prevent sunburn, which is very serious and can cause edema, blistering, burning and peeling, and in the long term in anticipation of skin cancer and premature aging."

Although it is a product very associated with summer, the sunscreen should be used year-round, without distinction of the seasons. This is because the incidence of radiation occurs throughout the year and Brazil, as a tropical country, receives ultraviolet rays daily.

Proper use

First of all, it is important to know when and how to use sunscreen.

"It should be applied 20 to 30 minutes before sun exposure. It is the period that it takes to be absorbed by the skin and begin to act", guides the dermatologist Tathya Taranto. This is the recommendation of the Brazilian Society of Dermatology. However, some products available on the market today offer immediate protection. You will find this information on the product label.

Reapplying the product is also important when you are in the pool or on the beach. The effectiveness of the product decreases with the passage of time. For safe protection, reapplication should be done every 2 or 3 hours, but this range may decrease in cases of excessive sweating, prolonged sun exposure or after coming out of the water.

For the appropriate amount of each part of the body, the Brazilian Consensus on Photoprotection of the Brazilian Society of Dermatology (SBD) indicates that the following measures are followed:

  • Face, head and neck: 1 teaspoon
  • Right arm and forearm: 1 tablespoon tea
  • Left arm and forearm: 1 teaspoon
  • Torso (front and back): 2 teaspoons
  • Straight thigh and leg (front and back): 2 teaspoons
  • Thigh and leg (front and back): 2 teaspoons.

This is the amount for a person of medium height and about 70 kg. The height and weight of each individual can lead to variations for more or less. But you do not have to overdo the dose, according to Vanessa Metz.

Against UVB rays ...

The greatest concern in the protection of the skin is in the protection of the skin and the protection of the skin. UVB rays, more dangerous and concentrated in the solar irradiation from 10h to 16h. Tathya explains: "They have a shorter wavelength and reach only the first layer of skin, the epidermis. They go directly to the DNA of melanocytes [the melanin producing cells] and are responsible for redness and burns, and are more associated to skin cancer. "

What protects the skin against UVB rays is the Sun Protection Factor, the popular FPS. "It's a physical study that relates the amount of sun exposure and the amount of redness that can be generated," says Vanessa.

The FPS number - like 15, 30 or 60 - indicates how many times, in time, the

Dermatologist Luciana de Abreu, of the Dr. André Braz Clinic (RJ), goes deeper into what this means. "Let's imagine a light-skinned, unprotected individual begin to turn red after 10 minutes of sun exposure.If he applies a SPF 30 protector, his skin will not turn red for 300 minutes.the higher the FPS, the longer it will take to the reddish skin, "exemplifies.

But, as stated above, it is necessary to reapply the product every two hours when the skin is in direct exposure to the sun, even if the bill results in a longer interval.

The recommendation of the Brazilian Consensus on Photoprotection is that all people in Brazil, regardless of skin tone and locality, use sunscreens with a minimum SPF of 30 to avoid damage caused by UVB rays.

... And also against UVA rays

Although they are less aggressive, UVA rays also require protection for the skin because they participate of the tanning process and can lead to skin cancer (although they are less dangerous in this regard than UVB).

Vanessa says that "they are present from the moment the sun rises until it sets," and Tathya says: "UVA rays have a longer wavelength and therefore penetrate deeper into the skin, reaching the dermis, so they are more linked to photoaging because they destroy the elastic and collagen fibers present in the dermis. "

Not all sunscreens have protection against UVA rays. To ensure that the product you have selected, the SBD recommends that the "+" sign or the words "UVA protection" or "Broad spectrum protection" be searched on the label.

Chemical Protectors x Chemical Protectors One last thing to consider is the choice between chemical sunscreen and sunscreen. "Chemical filters penetrate the skin, absorb photons from ultraviolet radiation and prevent it from reaching the epidermis, but are more prone to trigger allergic reactions," he said. explains Luciana. "It does not react with the skin, its action is by optical mechanisms, and the potential for allergic sensitization is minimal," she continues.

For these reasons, purely physical sunscreen is recommended for infants between six months and two years of age (less than six months can not have any of the products applied on the skin). After this age, you can choose between the physical and the chemical, although most of the current sunscreens have a combination of the two.


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