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Tea-mate: the cholesterol-lowering beverage

Tea-mate: the cholesterol-lowering beverage

Mate tea is a beverage made from toasted yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis). This herb has been prepared as a beverage since pre-Columbian times in Paraguay, Argentina and Brazil. In the sixteenth century, the Spaniards proved to have worshiped the food.

Other species of herbs are also marketed as if they were mate, Ilex argentina, Ilex dumosa, Ilex brevicuspis, Ilex taubertiana, Ilex theezans, Ilex pseudobuxus between

Chimarrão: elaborated by the infusion of leaves and branches, it has a bitter taste and is usually consumed in the south of Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay

  • Tererê: made with cold water in the cuia and consumed mainly in the central-west region of Brazil and Paraguay
  • Cooked Mate: prepared with dried and ground leaves of the yerba mate in sachets or sachets and it is usually consumed in Argentina or Paraguay.
  • Among the nutrients of yerba mate, and consequently its tea, the most notable are methylxanthines (caffeine and theobromine), phenolic compounds, flavonoids and saponins.

increase athletic performance and cognitive impairment after periods of stress or sleep deprivation and stimulate fat burning. Phenolic compounds have antioxidant action and help fight diabetes. While the saponins are substances with an anti-inflammatory effect that help in reducing cholesterol.

Main nutrients of tea-mate

Tea-mate - 1 liter (daily recommendation)

Calories
30 kcalProteins
0 gLipids
1 gCarbohydrates
6 gCalcium
10 mgMagnesium
20 mgManganese
(Table 1). Table 2 Table 2 Composition of Foodstuffs / TACI Table 2 Table 2 Composition of Foodstuffs / TACI Table 2 - converted to the 1 liter portion.).
Check out the percentage of Daily Value * of some nutrients that tea-mate carries in a liter of the drink:741% vitamin B1 (thiamine)
117% of manganese7.6% of magnesium

1% of calcium. * Daily Values ​​of reference for adults based on a 2,000 kcal or 8,400 kj diet. Your daily values ​​may be higher or lower depending on your energy needs. Mate tea has vitamin B1. All the vitamins belonging to the B complex help our body in the uptake of energy in the cells, mainly to assist in the metabolism of oxygen and glucose, the main sources of cellular fuel. The beverage is still a source of manganese, magnesium, potassium, iron, chromium, copper, zinc and nickel that are interesting for health. due to its importance in the body's metabolism and development.

Tea-mate is still rich in caffeine. This nutrient is a stimulant with the ability to increase athletic and cognitive performance after periods of stress or sleep deprivation.

  • The main chemical components of yerba mate are: methylxanthines (caffeine and theobromine), which help in weight loss and diuretic action, phenolic compounds, which have a strong antioxidant action and saponins, which has an anti-inflammatory and choleretic effect (promotes the production of bile).
  • Benefits of yerba mate
  • Yerba mate is good for diabetics - Photo: Getty Images
  • Lowers cholesterol:

Yerba mate is rich in saponins, which has an anti-inflammatory effect, and phenolic compounds, which have a strong antioxidant action. These nutrients contribute to lowering total cholesterol and bad cholesterol, LDL. This is because they help to block the absorption of cholesterol in the small intestine and still inhibit lipid synthesis in the liver.A study conducted by the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) found the benefits of yerba mate to lower cholesterol. After 40 days of consumption of about one liter of tea-mate daily people with dyslipidemia, a disease that causes changes in blood fat levels, presented a decrease of about 4.6% of total cholesterol and 8.6% of LDL. This group did not take any medication for the disease.

Good for diabetics:

Matte tea is interesting for type 2 diabetics because it helps lower blood glucose. In the first, phenolic compounds can inhibit an enzyme responsible for the synthesis of glucose in the liver and in the second they would decrease the capacity of the glucose receptor in the intestine causing a lower sugar uptake.

A survey conducted by the Federal University of Santa Catarina with people with type 2 diabetes found that after 60 days of consumption of a daily liter of tea-mate the blood glucose level of these subjects decreased on average 25 mg / dl fasting.

The study also noted that after a 20-day ingestion of one liter of tea-mate daily there was a 0.85% decrease in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). HbA1c is the fraction of hemoglobin (protein within the red blood cell) that binds to glucose. During the life of the red cell, 90 days on average, hemoglobin is incorporating glucose, as a function of the concentration of this sugar in the blood. If glycemia rates are high during this whole period or occasionally increased, there will necessarily be a rise in glycated hemoglobin levels.

Protects the heart:

By decreasing the concentration of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) by 0.85 %, as found in the UFSC study, yerba mate also benefits the heart. According to the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study in the United Kingdom, for each 1% reduction in HbA1c, the risk of acute myocardial infarction drops by about 14% and the chances of microvascular complications are reduced by about 37%. It is important to note that for individuals who have high blood pressure or some heart disease, the use of tea-mate as well as other caffeine-rich food is contraindicated.

Helps to lose weight Mate tea has methylxanthines (caffeine and theobromine) in its composition. These substances give tea the thermogenic effect, as it speeds up the metabolism and increases the caloric expenditure at rest.

Diuretic action:

The methylxanthines (caffeine and theobromine) present in tea-mate also have diuretic properties. This mechanism increases fat burning, so drinking can contribute to weight loss. Thus, the diuretic action of the drink helps in the elimination of toxins that are bad for the body and make it difficult to lose weight. Improves digestion:

The saponins present in tea-mate aid in the release of digestive juices, mainly bile

Antioxidant effect:

Phenolic compounds present in tea-mate are the nutrients that most possess antioxidant action, especially chlorogenic acid. Antioxidants have positive effects on the problems mentioned above, such as diabetes, high cholesterol and heart complications. Antioxidants are still essential for physical activity practitioners since they produce more free radicals. In addition, by fighting free radicals in the body, phenolic compounds can decrease cell aging and the risks for some types of cancers. However, there is still no research to prove the anticancer capacity of yerba mate.

Good for the brain: Matte tea has lots of vitamin B1. All the vitamins belonging to the B complex help our body in the uptake of energy in the cells, mainly to assist in the metabolism of oxygen and glucose, the main sources of cellular fuel. B1, moreover, has this action mainly in the neurons, cells that form our brain.In addition, the methylxanthines (caffeine and theobromine) present in mate tea increase cognitive performance after periods of stress and sleep deprivation.

Recommended amount of mate tea The recommended amount of mate tea is about of one liter per day in which 20 grams of mate leaves or between 15 and 20 teabags are used. It is interesting to divide the drink into portions of 330 ml and take them during or before the main meals, breakfast, lunch and dinner.

How to consume the matte tea The matte tea is prepared leaving the leaves infused with hot water at about 80 degrees. One liter of filtered water and 20 grams of toasted mate leaves are used. Leave the leaves infused for five minutes as the kettle begins to sizzle. It is interesting to divide the drink into 330-ml portions and drink them during or before main meals, breakfast, lunch and dinner.

It is best to eat the tea-mate just before the main meals. Thus, cholesterol-lowering properties will already be in place by the time the food arrives and thus will prevent the absorption of cholesterol in the small intestine. The process for preparing the leaves used in tea-mate involves exposing them for a few seconds at a high temperature. The result of this process will be used in the chimarrão and tererê. For tea there is an additional step that is roasting, this toasting makes the taste of the drink smoother.

Compare mate-tea with other foods Nutrients

Tea-mate (1 liter) Nutrients

9 kcal

Protein

1 g,

9 g

9 g protein

Coffee (200 ml)

4 g0 g0 gLipids
1 g0.2 g0 gCarbohydrates
6 gCalcium10 mg6 mg
0 mgMagnesium20 mg20 mg
4.5 mgManganese2.7 mg0.08 mg
0.405 mgPotassium50 mg312 mg
58 mgVitamin B1 (Thiamine)8.9 mg0 A cup of infusion of yerba mate contains ca. 80 mg of caffeine, a quantity similar to that found in a cup of coffee that has 85 mg. However, the consumption of tea-mate in one day may be greater than that of coffee, so that people who opt for tea drink more caffeine.
In addition, mate tea has a large amount of saponins, compounds phenolics, minerals, among other nutrients more than coffee, which makes the tea nutritionally more complete than the other drink.Regarding nutrients, tea-mate similar to tea is green tea that it is also rich in caffeine and flavonoids. With regard to antioxidants, mate tea has a greater amount than red wine, which is rich in polyphenols.Combining matte teaTea-mate can also be eaten frozen - Photo: Getty Images
Tea-mate + calcium sources: Caffeine in tea-mate can impair the absorption of calcium in the body when the drink is consumed along with a source food of the mineral (milk and its derivatives, broccoli, spinach, beak, sardines, among others). If you are a fan of the famous double matte tea with milk or like to consume your drink during meals, you need to be aware of that combination and seek other sources of calcium in your food.Ideally, meals such as breakfast and snacks in which milk or milk products are not consumed. After all, in spite of all the benefits the index of people with osteopenia and osteoporosis grows every day.Tea-mate + cinnamon or ginger: To enhance the thermogenic effect of the tea add ginger or cinnamon to the drink. This is because these foods are also considered thermogenic, that is, they accelerate the metabolism causing the body to burn more calories to digest them.ContraindicationsPeople who are more sensitive to caffeine, developing some type of gastric burning such as heartburn, should avoid drinking mate. Also due to caffeine, tea is not recommended for people with insomnia and in general it is not interesting to consume them just before bedtime.
Risks of excessive consumptionConsumption of tea-mate beyond one liter recommended daily can do badly. This is because it is rich in caffeine which in large amounts can cause insomnia, tachycardia and gastritis as it increases gastric secretion.Where to findEssential yerba mate is available in stores of natural products and also in supermarkets.

Sources consulted: Biochemical pharmacist Edson Luiz da Silva, professor of clinical biochemistry at the Federal University of Santa Catarina and author of studies on the benefits of yerba mate. Valkyrie Pharmaceuticals Linck Bassani, professor of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul

Nutritionist Karina Valentim, from PB Consultoria em Nutrição


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