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Transvaginal Ultrasonography: what it is and when it is indicated
The Transvaginal Ultrasound (USG TV) exam complements the Pelvic Ultrasound (USG P) exam. As the bottom of the vagina is closer to the internal genital organs, it allows for better contact and enables them to be evaluated more accurately, which is not the case with the USG P. The USG TV is made with a special probe, which is
How does it work?
Normally, after the pelvic ultrasound examination, the patient empties the bladder and returns to the transvaginal ultrasound examination. The patient positions with the legs ajar and the buttock higher by a pillow. The probe with the condom and lubricant can be delivered to the patient herself, which introduces it into the vagina (a much more comfortable option). The doctor should manipulate the catheter and sometimes the abdomen to primarily assess the uterus and ovaries. The examination is descriptive, it may come with photos for documentation and there is usually no need for preparation.
USG TV may be more specific and very important in cases of endometriosis. In this case, the test should be done with intestinal preparation for a better evaluation of the extent of the disease and intestinal involvement. In cancer cases it can be complemented with the Doppler examination to estimate the blood flow to the organs of the region. With this variation, it is possible to find a characteristic pattern of formation of new vessels that irrigate the tumor that can lead to the suspicion or not of a malignant disease. The duration of this ultrasound depends heavily on the practitioner and the disease being investigated. Indications
Transvaginal Ultrasound examination indications are to detect diseases in the pelvic region such as: endometriosis, endometrial polyps (within the cavity of the uterus), fibroids, ovarian tumors, tumors of the uterus, ovarian tumors etc.
At the beginning of gestation, this examination is essential to evaluate the implantation of the embryo, to estimate the time and development of pregnancy, to perform the first morphological examination to determine Nucal Translucency - an examination to track genetic changes - in addition to the cervix.
This examination has greatly changed the ability to assess the pelvic organs in women, allowing the physician to make more assertive decisions.
Contraindications
Contraindications of the transvaginal ultrasound examination are for women who have not had sex or who have problems in introducing and / or manipulate something in the vagina.
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