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Understand the action of liraglutide for weight loss
Recently, several news stories have highlighted the role of a "new" medication, whose technical name is liraglutide, which would lead to weight loss. But what substance is this and how does it work? To know its role in weight loss we have to take into account some very important points.
First, our body controls body weight through a relationship between factors that we call peripheral and central. Among the factors that operate at the peripheral level, GLP-1 stands out. And what does this substance do? Well, it slows down the movement of the stomach and intestine thus giving a greater feeling of satiety. That's when we say, "I'm satisfied, I do not want to eat anymore."
But it's not just GLP-1 that liraglutide works. It also acts on the secretion of insulin, the hormone that puts blood glucose into the cell. In diabetics, as well as in overweight individuals, insulin has difficulty acting. Therefore, liraglutide not only increases the amount of insulin, but also decreases the level of another hormone that "fights" with insulin, disrupting its action. This other hormone is called glucagon.
Liraglutide in type 2 diabetes
Although the primary indication in the literature is for patients with type 2 diabetes, there are at least six studies in the medical literature evaluating liraglutide in patients with type 1 diabetes .The main indication is for patients with type 2 diabetes because this medication increases the release of insulin by the beta cells of the pancreas. In type 1 diabetic these cells are destroyed by the autoimmunity mechanism (the body's own defense cells think these cells are not from the patient and begin to destroy them). With this, there is no further production of insulin by the pancreas.
Liraglutide in type 1 diabetes
So how would the medication act in cases of patients with type 1 diabetes? The action would be by decreasing glucagon secretion (produced by alpha cells in the pancreas) that even in patients with type 1 diabetes remain functional. "More important than the use of any medication will always be a definitive restructuring of lifestyle: to make smart food choices and to practice physical exercises regularly."
A study published in the journal
Diabetes Care in 2011 by the University of Copenhagen group in Denmark showed a decrease in the amount of daily insulin required while maintaining the same glycemic control in patients with diabetes type 1 patients who used liraglutide (even in those patients who had no residual pancreatic function). In addition, it is believed that the slowing down of gastric motility and consequent weight loss would be another factor that would help to control blood glucose. Side effects
Among the side effects are nausea and vomiting. Although cases of pancreatitis (inflammation in the pancreas) have been reported, the incidence was 6 cases - 4 of acute pancreatitis and 2 of chronic pancreatitis - in 2700 patients with diabetes receiving liraglutide, according to data from the LEAD study (
Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes ). It is important to emphasize, however, that diabetes itself increases the risk of pancreatitis. Victoza has an influence on weight loss by the following mechanisms: it decreases gastric motility, that is, it increases the sensation of satiety with a much smaller amount of food - and acts directly on the hypothalamus, in the centers that control the mechanism of hunger and satiety.
See, since the launch of the medications that stimulate GLP-1 (GLP-1 analogs) for patients with diabetes, several endocrinologists were interested in the use of this class of drugs in the treatment of overweight.However, it is very important to know that specific liraglutide studies for weight reduction are still in the final stages of testing, and issues such as safety of use (side effects) and dosage have not yet been properly established.
And do not forget! More important than using any medication will always be a definitive lifestyle restructuring: make smart food choices and practice physical exercise regularly.
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