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Understand how infectious diseases spread

Understand how infectious diseases spread

Imagine that in 48 hours you can be anywhere in the world.

"We often say that infectious diseases do not respect borders," says infectious disease Tânia Chaves, a member of the Scientific Committee on Medicine of the Travelers of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases.

The globalization of diseases has transformed the containment of infectious diseases into a challenge that must be taken seriously.

"Some extrahuman reservoirs, such as animals or water dispersal, can help to spread the virus," says the Brazilian doctor who participates in the international humanitarian organization Médecins Sans Frontières, Lúcia Brum.

"Whenever the presence of the virus can be identified and isolated at the host, it will be able to contain its spread, but this scenario rarely happens," explains Marlo Libel, a consultant at Skoll Global Threats Fund, a company that collaborated in the development of the application Guardians of Health in partnership with the Ministry of Health.

He further explains that most of the viruses do not produce symptoms or they manifest themselves after several days that the host was infected. This incubation period has the potential to spread the disease without the person being aware of it.

Information and vaccine

Lucia points out that since virus containment is impracticable, the ability to detect outbreaks and infectious diseases is essential: "It is necessary to invest in the health system, the authorities need to respond in a timely manner to control a virus, the global effort has to go towards structuring the health area."

"Containing the introduction of the virus is We need to prepare ourselves to tackle the problem instead of trying to stop it. "One of the most effective confrontations is to provide information to the population in a clear and objective way," he says. Tania.

Another important initiative is to keep the population with vaccination coverage up to date. In some cases, the disease can be controlled in this way. This is what happened to yellow fever, as the infectious agent Tânia Chaves points out.

"There is still the idea that the vaccine is a child's thing, but it is a misunderstanding.

Care

In addition to being vaccinated, people can also help in the control of infectious diseases by passing symptom information to health authorities, whether at the health post, the hospital or through other tools, such as applications and participatory surveillance sites.

Personal care measures are also effective. Here's how you can do your part to help control infectious diseases:

  • Always wash your hands with soap and water and avoid touching your face
  • If you can not wash your hands, drink alcohol and drink plenty of water
  • Do not share personal items such as towels, glasses, cutlery, and pillows
  • Avoid frequent use of indoor places or with many people
  • Keep the vaccination up to date
  • Inform the authorities about symptoms you are experiencing
  • Use tissues to cough or sneeze and then discard them
  • Have your unit address health care provider.


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