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Understand the importance of physiotherapy after fractures

Understand the importance of physiotherapy after fractures

Breaking a bone does not seem to be very easy, but incredible as it may seem, it's pretty common to do this at least once in our lives. In these cases, the biggest question is always about what to do, how to do and how our body will stay after that happens. For this reason, the article will give an overview on the subject, also clarifying the importance of physiotherapy, which is one of the main tools used for the recovery of a fracture.

First of all, let's understand the bone. It is made up of a lot of cells that are joining together to form the hard structure that we know of. It is covered by a thin membrane, as if it were wrapped, making it more resistant still. Unlike the stiffness of a stone, it is complacent, that is, it can be enveloped like a bamboo (returning in the original position later), but in much smaller amplitudes. In addition, it has blood vessels, including some bones such as the femur (thigh bone) have inside it the bone marrow, which is one of the major factories of our blood. That is, breaking a structure like this now seems to be more serious than you are thinking, is not it?

Stay calm. Think of how many people you know who have not broken any bones yet. Playing ball, falling down stairs, tapping his toe on some piece of furniture, pinning his finger on the door, banging his ribs, falling with his hand flat on the floor, trying to catch a ball that comes very fast, among so many stories and few of them are complaining of fracture pains to this day. If we leave a broken bone resting for weeks, it will naturally repair itself, recomposing the injured cells, until it forms a new bone, with the same properties. A good example would be the formation of ice when we leave the water in the freezer. The surface creates an ice cone and then the inside will freeze too, but any movement we make will break this initial phase, returning to zero. For this reason the orientation is to avoid movements in the location of the fractured bone.

So let's talk a bit more about these fractures. There are some types of them: the simplest is where there is a single line and the broken parts do not separate, as if forming a crack, but without changing the contours of the bone. A slightly more serious type is very similar, however, there is a small gap between the parties. The most serious are those where apart from one part of the other, a deviation occurs between them creating misalignments in the bone. In addition, there is the possibility of one bone being broken in two, three or more parts, increasing the severity of the problem the larger the number of these parts. Longer and longer bones are easier to break into two parts, with deviations. Longer, shorter bones require much greater trauma to fracture.

The treatment of fractures will depend on each type of fracture. In more severe cases, where the bones separate into fragments or deviate from the axis, surgery is required to put everything back in place, using metal rods, screws, metal wires or even external fasteners, as a form of keeping the bones in place, so that they consolidate in an aligned way. Now, in milder cases where there is no separation or considerable deviation, the treatment is conservative (without surgeries), with immobilization (orthoses or gypsum) of the affected area.

And where does physiotherapy enter? Finally, it will come in after the initial procedures, when the patient is released by the doctor. After serious fracture surgery, she will work to control swelling (edema) and pain, with lymphatic drainage maneuvers and analgesia equipment. Because of the surgery and bone fixation, some movements can be performed by the physiotherapist, as a way to improve blood circulation in the operated area, facilitating healing, preserving the movements and giving greater comfort to the patient. In the simplest cases, where the use of gypsum or bracing is released, physiotherapy aims to recover all the functions of the affected region. For example a person who fractured the elbow, after weeks immobilized will have enormous difficulty in stretching and folding the arm, by adhesions at the elbow joint and due to loss of strength and control of the limb. In these cases, the physiotherapist will act using techniques to unlock the joint, regain muscle control and strength, and prepare the person for the tasks he or she needs to do again.Many people do not do physiotherapy, and they do not miss it. This happens because in many cases the person is doing the movements of the everyday little by little, until regaining all the control normally. These are cases where physical therapy would only accelerate recovery. But this does not mean that every case will be like this. In the majority, there are some adhesions that are limited a little a few movements, or the person can not recover all the force or gets a little pain in certain movements. These small blockages are often overlooked, but over time they generate compensations in the body that can cause problems only after several years after the fracture. For example, a person who breaks the leg will stay weeks with her immobilized, lose muscle mass and change her gait.

Over time, without her knowing, she will be limping, compensating for the movements, which can generate a pain in the spine after several years, even though the leg is 100%. That is why a professional evaluation always makes the difference. In the case of the physiotherapist, it is he who will rehabilitate the person, so that he is prepared for everything he intends to do in the future (as far as possible), without overloading the body. The treatment time will depend on how the patient's body responds. In more serious cases it may take several months and in the simplest cases, a few weeks, but with guidelines for the patient to do at home, in the interval between sessions.

Finally, it is worth remembering that for a good recovery, it is important that all the professionals involved communicate (mainly physicians and physiotherapists) so that they have complete information about their case and the chances of success in recovery are greater. Therefore, always look for professionals who are knowledgeable about your problem, or who are indicated by people you trust.


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