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What causes dentin hypersensitivity?

What causes dentin hypersensitivity?

Density sensitivity affects large numbers of people. It is usually caused by drink and hot, cold, sweet or acidic foods. Under normal conditions, the dentin (inner layer surrounding the nerve) is covered by the crown enamel and the gingiva around the tooth. Over time, the enamel may wear out, reducing the protection. Also, over time, the gingiva may retract, exposing the root of the tooth.

Dentin tubules seen from the microscope

Dentin has a large number of pores or microscopic tubes (tubules) that go from the outer face of the tooth until the pulp, in the center. When dentin is exposed, these tubules can be stimulated by changes in temperature or certain foods. Below is an illustration of the dentin tubules seen under a microscope:

What is the cause of dentin hypersensitivity?

The exposure of dentin to occur due to several factors. The most common factors are:

- Gum retraction due to age or inadequate brushing;

- Acidic beverages (such as soft drinks) that cause enamel erosion and dentine exposure;

- Bruxism? which, in fact, causes all or most of the teeth to become sensitive;

- Brushing with highly abrasive toothpaste, incorrect brushing and / or brushing in a number of times greater than three; - Gingivitis, which can cause gingival retraction;

- Chipping or fractured tooth with dentin exposure;

In addition, some dental treatments may cause sensitivity. It is known that some treatments such as bleaching, prophylaxis in the office, the placement of orthodontic appliances or dental restoration can cause sensitivity during or after the procedure.

What can I do?

Consultation with the dentist - Photo: Getty Images

The first step is to find out the cause with the help of a dentist. If the cause is the exposure of the dentin, there are some things you and your dentist can do to reduce sensitivity:

- Use a very soft bristle brush;

- Brush correctly to avoid abrasion of the enamel and

- Apply a toothpaste specially formulated to help reduce sensitivity;

The dentist can:

Apply fluoride varnish to sensitive areas to help strengthen the tooth

  • - Prescribe a toothpaste with high fluoride levels for daily use

  • - Restoring areas that have lost enamel

  • In the end, whether you need in-office or home-only procedures, the most important step is to see your dentist to determine the cause of tooth sensitivity and help you find a solution that is effective.

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