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Zika infects nerve cells related to cranial formation

Zika infects nerve cells related to cranial formation

The Zika virus epidemic is spreading throughout the world. A study, published in the scientific journal Cell Host & Microbe, explains why babies born to mothers who had the virus had skulls smaller than the one they had had. than the average and disproportionate features.

The virus would be responsible for attacking fetal brain cells, known as neural progenitor cells. These cells are essential for the formation of bones and cartilage of the skull, so there is a cranial malformation seen in infants whose mothers were infected with the Zika virus during pregnancy.

Scientists did a recent analysis by infecting human cells with Zika virus in the laboratory and found that the virus can contaminate another type of cell known as the neural crest cell, responsible for the origin of bones and cartilage of the skull, and isolate signaling molecules, altering their function.

It was noted that the high levels of these molecules were able to cause premature differentiation, migration, and death of neural progenitor cells. "The chemical and systems biologist, Joanna Wysocka of Stanford University School of Medicine and coauthor of the study, explains: In addition to the direct effects of the Zika virus on neural progenitor cells and their derivatives, this virus can affect brain development in directly through a cross-flagging dialogue between types of embryonic cells. "

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the Zika virus has already been detected in 61 countries, most of them in the Americas. Brazil is the most affected country to date, with more than 1,800 reported cases of microcephaly.


Malaria: medicines help prevent contamination

Malaria: medicines help prevent contamination

Malaria is a disease caused by protozoa of the genus Plasmodium and transmitted by a mosquito that belongs to the genus Anopheles . Although it stings throughout the day, the Anopheles has more twilight activity, stinging more intensely during dawn and dusk. Five species of protozoa of the genus Plasmodium can cause human malaria: P.

(Health)

Orthognathic surgery makes bite correction and aesthetic improvement of the face

Orthognathic surgery makes bite correction and aesthetic improvement of the face

The definition of orthognathic surgery comes from the Latin "ortho", which means correct, and "gnatos", which comes from the jaws. That is, it means putting the jaws in their best relationship, to promote facial aesthetics and better occlusion (bite). It is estimated that 25 to 30% of the population presents some degree of facial disharmony and that at least half of this total needs treatment.

(Health)