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Zika virus: Brazil already has 16 laboratories to diagnose the disease

Zika virus: Brazil already has 16 laboratories to diagnose the disease

Health Agency - In December the Ministry of Health trained 11 more public laboratories to carry out the diagnosis of zika virus throughout the country. Counting with the five reference units in Brazil for this type of exam, there are already 16 centers with the knowledge to take the test. Currently, the diagnostic technique used by the Ministry of Health is the PCR (Molecular Biology). In the next two months, the technology will be transferred to 11 more laboratories, adding 27 units prepared to analyze 400 samples per month of suspected cases of zika virus throughout the country.

The zika virus is highly related to new cases of microcephaly in the parents. According to the new Epidemiological Bulletin of the Ministry of Health, there were 2,401 cases of the disease and 29 deaths by December 12 of this year.

The increase in the number of trained laboratories increases capacity and gives greater agility in virus detection. The transfer of technology is being done by Fiocruz's reference sentinel laboratories, located in Rio de Janeiro, Paraná, Pernambuco, Pará (Evandro Chagas Institute) and São Paulo (Instituto Adolfo Lutz).

The Ministry of Health also carried out in this week pregão to buy inputs (primers and probe) for the accomplishment of 250 thousand exams at a cost of R $ 645 thousand. Until the first half of January, all laboratories will have received the inputs.

Currently, the Central Laboratories (LACENs) of the states of Bahia, Amazonas, Alagoas, Goiás, Pará, Paraná, Pernambuco, Rio of January, Sergipe, Rio Grande do Norte and the Federal District. In addition to the reference sentinel laboratories, which will also have their production expanded. On average, these units currently hold about 80 exams every month across the country. However, due to the increase in microcephaly cases as a result of the zika virus, these units will use 100% of their current installed capacity.

Real-time RT-PCR training is already scheduled for 11 more central laboratories. in the states of Espírito Santo, Acre, Amapá, Ceará, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Piauí, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Roraima and Rondônia.

The Ministry of Health currently uses sentinel surveillance for monitoring of zika virus cases. The circulation of the virus in a region is confirmed in some samples by means of PCR test. The National Reference Laboratories (sentinels)? who currently perform all zika virus testing in the country? are laboratory units of highly specialized technical excellence, in choosing the methodology to be used and in the training of other laboratories. On average, it takes from 0 to 15 days for collection, referral to laboratory, processing, analysis and result of the samples.

The test should preferably be done within the first five days of symptom onset. From the confirmation and characterized the presence of the virus in the region, the other diagnoses are done clinically, by medical evaluation of the symptoms. It is worth noting that zika virus is difficult to detect since about 80% of the infected cases do not show signs or symptoms.

Regardless of the confirmation of the samples for Zika, it is important that the health professionals keep a close eye on the suspected cases in the health units and adopt the recommendations of the current protocol.

According to the Protocol for Surveillance and Response to Microcephaly related to Zika Infection, the test should be done by a blood sample, umbilical cord or cerebrospinal fluid. baby with microcephaly. Each Secretary of State establishes, in accordance with its structure, together with the services, the preferred samples for analysis. The protocol establishes the criteria for suspicion and confirmation in different situations: pregnant women, stillbirths, preterm newborns and term newborns.

Suspicion is based on the measurement of the dimensions of the child's head. The following are a series of evaluations, including clinical, imaging, ophthalmologic, auditory, and laboratory tests.


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